What to do in Cusco before Machu Picchu: unforgettable experiences
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Every traveler visiting the Andes should take the time to enjoy what Cusco has to offer. From cobblestone streets filled with art and history to lively markets and sacred temples, this city provides endless options for sightseeing. In this complete guide, you’ll find the top things to do in Cusco before visiting Machu Picchu and why this magical city deserves a few days in your itinerary.
Why You Should Visit Cusco Before Machu Picchu
Many travelers rush straight to Machu Picchu without realizing that Cusco itself is a masterpiece of culture and architecture. Sitting at an altitude of 3,400 meters, the city helps your body gradually acclimate to the highlands before exploring the steeper trails of the Sacred Valley or the mountain paths to the citadel. Staying here for two or three days makes a tremendous difference in comfort, energy, and overall experience.
Beyond physical preparation, Cusco is a cultural immersion. Once the capital of the mighty Inca Empire, it still preserves its ancient spirit. Every corner of the city tells a story—Inca walls that support colonial houses, centuries-old churches built over temples, and streets that have witnessed centuries of transformation. Here’s why staying in Cusco before Machu Picchu is one of the smartest travel decisions you can make:
- Altitude adaptation: The city’s elevation helps you adjust slowly to the Andean climate before heading to higher areas like Machu Picchu or Rainbow Mountain.
- Rich heritage: Cusco was once the heart of the Inca civilization, and today it’s a living museum filled with temples, churches, and archaeological treasures.
- Easy access: Most trains and tours to Machu Picchu depart directly from Cusco or nearby towns like Ollantaytambo.
- Gateway to the Sacred Valley: Within short distance, you can visit the Sacred Valley, home to incredible sites like Pisac, Chinchero, Maras, Moray, and Ollantaytambo.
- Vibrant atmosphere: The city offers an unmatched mix of modern cafes, traditional markets, and local festivals that show the living Andean culture.
By staying in Cusco, you’re not only preparing for the journey ahead but also opening yourself to one of the richest cultural experiences in South America.
Top Things to Do in Cusco Before Visiting Machu Picchu
1. Explore the Plaza de Armas
The historic Plaza de Armas is the beating heart of Cusco. Surrounded by colonial arcades, charming balconies, and two magnificent churches—the Cathedral and the Church of the Triumph—it’s the perfect place to start your adventure. Sit on a bench, enjoy a cup of coca tea, and watch the blend of cultures pass by. At night, the square lights up beautifully, creating a romantic and peaceful atmosphere.
2. Visit the Qorikancha – The Temple of the Sun
Once the most important temple in the Inca Empire, the Qorikancha (Temple of the Sun) showcases the astonishing precision of Inca stonework. Later transformed into the Santo Domingo Convent, it’s now a fascinating combination of Inca and Spanish colonial architecture. Walking through its corridors, you can feel the spiritual power that once radiated from this sacred place.
3. Wander Through the San Blas Neighborhood
Known as Cusco’s artistic heart, San Blas is a neighborhood full of character. Its narrow cobblestone streets, small art galleries, and local workshops make it a perfect place to experience the city’s creative side. From the top of its viewpoint, you can capture one of the most beautiful panoramas of Cusco. Don’t forget to visit the San Blas Market for a delicious local lunch or coffee.
4. Learn About the Coca Leaf at the Coca Museum
The Coca Museum is a small but fascinating spot dedicated to one of the most sacred plants of the Andes. Here you’ll learn about the cultural, medicinal, and social importance of the coca leaf—a natural remedy for altitude sickness. It’s an eye-opening visit that helps you understand Andean traditions from a new perspective.
5. Take a Short Trek to Cristo Blanco
High above the city stands the white statue of Cristo Blanco, symbolizing peace and protection for Cusco. The short uphill hike rewards you with panoramic views over the city and surrounding mountains. It’s also an excellent warm-up activity to acclimate and prepare your body for longer treks such as the Inca Trail or Salkantay Trek.
6. Experience the Sacred Valley
No visit to Cusco would be complete without exploring the stunning Sacred Valley of the Incas. The valley’s landscapes combine agricultural terraces, snowcapped peaks, and ancient ruins. Visit the colorful Pisac Market for handmade crafts, explore the archaeological site of Ollantaytambo, and admire the circular terraces of Moray. Each stop reveals another chapter of Inca engineering and Andean life. Many Cusco Peru tours include this route as a perfect prelude to Machu Picchu.
7. Visit the San Pedro Market
To feel the authentic pulse of Cusco, visit the San Pedro Market. This bustling marketplace is full of colors, aromas, and local energy. Try exotic fruits, traditional Andean dishes, or buy souvenirs made by local artisans. It’s one of the best places to interact with locals and photograph the daily life of Cusqueños.
8. Discover the Sacsayhuamán Fortress
Just a short ride from the city center lies Sacsayhuamán, one of the most impressive Inca fortresses. Its enormous stone walls fit together with perfect precision—without mortar—and the site offers sweeping views over Cusco. Visiting during the late afternoon allows you to capture the magical golden light over the ancient stones. It’s a highlight of any city tour.
9. Enjoy Cusco’s Nightlife
When the sun goes down, Cusco reveals a different charm. The historic center becomes lively with music, dance, and friendly travelers from around the world. Try a pisco sour at one of the rooftop bars, listen to live Andean music, or dance the night away in one of the local clubs. It’s the perfect way to celebrate your Andean adventure.
Conclusion: The Perfect Start to Your Machu Picchu Journey
Spending time in Cusco before heading to Machu Picchu is more than just a practical choice—it’s a vital part of the experience. The city’s vibrant culture, stunning architecture, and warm atmosphere prepare your heart and mind for the mystical energy of the Sacred Valley and the Lost City of the Incas. Every cobblestone street, market aroma, and Inca ruin adds depth to your adventure.
Take at least two or three days to explore Cusco Peru and its surroundings. Let yourself acclimate, breathe the mountain air, and discover why this city remains one of the world’s greatest cultural treasures. When you finally board the train to Machu Picchu, you’ll not only be physically prepared but also spiritually connected to the essence of the Andes.
FAQs About Visiting Cusco Before Machu Picchu
- How far is Cusco from Machu Picchu? Cusco is approximately 80 kilometers from the base of Machu Picchu. Most visitors reach the site by train from Poroy or Ollantaytambo, followed by a short bus ride.
- Is Cusco worth visiting? Absolutely. Cusco city tours reveal the fascinating fusion of Inca and colonial heritage, vibrant markets, and lively local traditions.
- What can you do in Cusco? You can explore archaeological sites, museums, markets, and the Sacred Valley, or simply relax and enjoy Andean gastronomy.
- How long should I stay in Cusco to acclimate? A stay of 2–3 days is ideal to help your body adjust before continuing to higher altitudes like Machu Picchu or Rainbow Mountain.
- Are there treks around Cusco? Yes, there are many short and scenic hikes such as Cristo Blanco, San Cristóbal, and Sacsayhuamán that help you train for longer treks.